CNAME : Canonical name record (RFC 1035)
Alias of one name to another: the DNS lookup will continue by retrying the lookup with the new name.

* : All cached records (RFC 1035)
Returns all records of all types known to the name server. If the name server does not have any information on the name, the request will be forwarded on. The records returned may not be complete. For example, if there is both an A and an MX for a name, but the name server has only the A record cached, only the A record will be returned.

LOC : Location record (RFC 1876)
Specifies a geographical location associated with a domain name

AXFR : Full Zone Transfer (RFC 1035)
Transfer entire zone file from the master name server to secondary name servers.

TA : DNSSEC Trust Authorities (None)
Part of a deployment proposal for DNSSEC without a signed DNS root. See the IANA database and Weiler Spec] for details. Uses the same format as the DS record.

SOA : start of authority record (RFC 1035)
Specifies authoritative information about a DNS zone, including the primary name server, the email of the domain administrator, the domain serial number, and several timers relating to refreshing the zone.

TXT : Text record (RFC 1035)
Originally for arbitrary human-readable text in a DNS record. Since the early 1990s, however, this record more often carries machine-readable data, such as specified by RFC 1464, opportunistic encryption, Sender Policy Framework, DomainKeys, DNS-SD, etc.

OPT : Option (RFC 2671)
This is a 'pseudo DNS record type' needed to support EDNS

A : address record (RFC 1035)
Returns a 32-bit IPv4 address, most commonly used to map hostnames to an IP address of the host, but also used for DNSBLs, storing subnet masks in RFC 1101, etc.

IXFR : Incremental Zone Transfer (RFC 1995)
Requests a zone transfer of the given zone but only differences from a previous serial number. This request may be ignored and a full (AXFR) sent in response if the authoritative server is unable to fulfill the request due to configuration or lack of required deltas.

MX : mail exchange record (RFC 1035)
Maps a domain name to a list of mail exchange servers for that domain

AAAA : IPv6 address record (RFC 3596)
Returns a 128-bit IPv6 address, most commonly used to map hostnames to an IP address of the host.

DLV : DNSSEC Lookaside Validation record (RFC 4431)
For publishing DNSSEC trust anchors outside of the DNS delegation chain. Uses the same format as the DS record. RFC 5074 describes a way of using these records.

NSEC3PARAM : NSEC3 parameters (RFC 5155)
Parameter record for use with NSEC3

TKEY : Transaction Key (RFC 2930)
One way of providing a key to be used with TSIG

DNSKEY : DNS Key record (RFC 4034)
The key record used in DNSSEC. Uses the same format as the KEY record.

DHCID : DHCP identifier (RFC 4701)
Used in conjunction with the FQDN option to DHCP

KEY : Key record (RFC 4034)
Used only for TKEY (RFC 2930). Before RFC 3755 was published, this was also used for DNSSEC, but DNSSEC now uses DNSKEY.